435 Roman Emperor Theodosius II exiled deposed
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius,
considered the originator of Nestorianism, to a monastery in Egypt.
1907 U.S. federal judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis fined
Standard Oil of Indiana a record $29.4 million for illegal rebating to freight
carriers; the conviction and fine were later reversed on appeal.
1921 More from Kenesaw Mountain Landis: As Major
League Baseball Commissioner, he confirmed the ban of the eight Chicago Black
Sox, the day after a Chicago court found them not guilty of conspiracy to
defraud the public concerning the 1919 World Series.
1948 Whittaker Chambers, a former Communist, publicly
accused former U.S. State Department official Alger Hiss of having been part of a
Communist underground and a spy for the Soviet Union, charges Hiss denied.
1959 Portugal's state police force PIDE fired into a
crowd of striking Pidjiguiti dockworkers seeking higher pay in Bissau, Portuguese Guinea,
killing at least 25 people and wounding many more. After the government
arrested members of PAIGC, a peaceful group campaigning for independence from
Portugal, PAIGC determined nonviolent resistance would not achieve its goals.
An armed struggle lasted from 1963-1974, when Portugal finally granted
independence to all of Portuguese Africa.
1969 Carl Wilson of the Beach Boys was indicted for
failure to report for civilian duty as a hospital orderly in lieu of serving
two years in the army. He’d already been arrested twice for draft evasion,
starting in 1967, and offered his musical services as an alternative. Wilson's draft
board finally accepted his proposal in 1971.
1987 The Iran-Contra congressional hearings ended. None
of the 29 witnesses tied President Ronald Reagan directly to the diversion of
arms-sales profits to Nicaraguan rebels.
1988 The Soviet Union released German pilot Mathias
Rust, 19, after 14 months in custody. He’d landed a plane in Moscow's Red
Square to create “an imaginary bridge” to the East during the Cold War.
1995 Jordanian authorities extradited Eyad Ismoil to
the U.S. to face charges that he had driven the van that blew up in the underground
parking garage of the World Trade Center in Manhattan in 1993. The explosion killed six
people, injured more than 1,000, and caused $500 million in damages to the WTC
complex. Ismoil was found guilty of conspiracy, sentenced to 240 years in
prison, fined $250,000, and ordered to pay $10 million in restitution.
2005 The Military Council for Justice and Democracy
staged a coup d’état in Mauritania, ousting long-time President Maaouya Ould
Sid'Ahmed Taya while he was out of the country attending the funeral of King
Fahd in Saudi Arabia. The military leaders kept their promise to hold a
presidential election within two years, but the next president was also deposed
in a military coup d'état a year after taking office.
2007 Chilean authorities captured former Deputy
Director of the Chilean secret police Raúl Iturriaga Neumann, one of the best-known
convicted human rights abusers from the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. Iturriaga
was in charge of a secret torture center, was wanted on murder and attempted
murder charges in at least three countries, and was sentenced on a kidnapping charge
in June 2007 before going into hiding.
2009 Bolivia became the first South American country
to declare the right of indigenous people to govern themselves.
2010 Widespread rioting erupted in Karachi, Pakistan,
after the assassination of Parliament member Raza Haider of the Muttahida Qaumi Movement political party. Four gunmen shot down him
and a bodyguard in a gangland-style hit as they attended a funeral at a mosque.
At least 85 were killed in the riots that caused 17 billion Pakistani rupees
(US$200 million) in damages over the several days.
2011 Former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak denied
all charges against him as he went on trial for alleged corruption and
complicity in the deaths of protesters who'd helped drive him from power.
2018 Two burka-clad men killed 29 people and injured
more than 80 in a suicide attack on a Shia mosque in eastern Afghanistan. Security
forces shot one of the men dead and the other assailant made his way into a
hall where people were hiding and blew himself up. No group claimed
responsibility for the attack.
2019 Police in Moscow arrested 600 protesters,
including opposition leader Lyubov Sobol, in an election protest attended by as
many as 20,000.
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